System of electrical conversion and distribution



(No Mode v W. STANLEY, Jr.

SYSTEM 03 ELEGIRIGAL CONVERSION AND DISTRIBUTION.

No. 503,622. Patented Aug. 22, 1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM STANLEY, J R., OF GREAT HARRINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGN OR,

BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO THE WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC AND MANU- FACTURINGCOMPANY, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYIQVANIA.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRICAL CONVERSION AND DISTRIBUTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,622, dated August22, 1893.

Application filed March 28, 1887. Serial No. 282,630. (No model.)Patented in England July 12, 1887, No. 9,745.

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, WILLIAM STANLEY, Jr, a citizen of the United States,residing in Great Barrington, in the county of Berkshire and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSystems of Electrical Conversion and Distribution, (for which I haveobtained Letters Patent in Great Britain, dated July 12, 1887, No.9,745,) of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to systems of electrical distribution, whereinalternating, und ulatory, intermittent or pulsatory electric currents ofany required potential, and derived from any convenient source, aretransformed or converted, in whole or in part, into secondary currentshaving a different potential.

The invention comprises an improved organization of circuits andapparatus whereby the hereinbefore described operation is effected withgreater economy and convenience than has heretofore been possible.

The general plan of the invention consists in the transmission ofalternating, undulatory, intermittent or pulsatory currents, the poten-'tial of which is designed to be varied, through an inductorium ofimproved construction, consisting of a mass of iron or other magneticmetal situated in inductive relation to a continuous conductor, soconstructed and arranged, that the Whole or any required portion of suchconductor may also be included in one or more secondary circuits. Thecurrent traversing said conductor serves to produce a magnetic field,and the magnetic changes thus produced in the field, in turn set up acountenelectromotive force and produce an induced current in the wholeor any re quired portion of the same conductor.

In carrying out the invention, the conversion or change of potential inthe current is efiected as hereinafter described, by means ofaninductorium in which a single continuous conductor performs thefunctions of both the independent primary and secondary conductors ofthe ordinary converter; that is to say, the inductorium as a wholeproduces the required result by reason of its self induction. Such aninductorium may properly be termed an auto-converter.

inductive relation to each other.

The accompanying drawing is a theoretical diagram illustrating anorganization of circuits and apparatus embodying the invention.

Referring to the figure, D represents asuitable dynamo-electricgenerator or other convenient apparatus for producing alternating,undulatory, intermittent or pulsatory currents. Such currents aretransmitted, in the present instance, through primary conductors ormains P and N, leading to the respective terminals 1 and 4 of aconductor 1, 2,3,4, which acts inductively upon a core of soft iron orequivalent magnetizable material 0, which is made in the form of anendless ring so as to form aclosed magnetic circuit. The conductor 1, 2,3, 4, may with advantage be wound helically upon the iron ring 0 in themanner shown, but the particular disposition of such conductor withreference to the mass of iron 0, is not material, so far as thisinvention is concerned, and may be varied as circumstances dictate. Itis only necessary that the conductor and the iron should be situatedwithin a common magnetic field, or in other Words, that they should beplaced in The conductor and the mass of magnetizable material togetherconstitute what is termed the auto-converter C.

The conductor 1, 4, although continuous may be regarded as consisting ofany required numberof sections, from the dividing points between which,branches or conductors may be led off. For example the conductor 1, 4,is shown as divided into three sectionsw, w w At the intermediate points1, 2, branches or conductors p and n are led off, and between thesebranches are placed electric lamps or other equivalent translatingdevices L, L, so as to form a closed secondary circuit. From the points2, 3, including the section w conductors 19 71. are in like manner ledoff and these are connected through a portion of the coils of anauto-converter C in a manner to be described, and they form thus aclosed circuit. Other conductors p and a leading from the points 3, 4,include the section 'w in a closed circuit.

It will be evident that with such an organization of apparatus as hasbeen described, if it is assumed that the generator at D is trans Lilinitting a current through the conductors P and N having a potential ofsay one thousand volts, such current will traverse the entire length ofthe conductor 1, 2, 3, 4., of the autoconverter, and each pulsation oralternation will produce a certain amount of energy in the magneticfield surrounding the core 0. These magnetic changes or pulsations inturn set up a counter-electron]otive force, which will in like manner beuniformly distributed throughout the length of the conductor 1, 2, 3, 4.The value of this electromotive force in any one of the sections w, 10or 10 will however depend upon the number of convolutions in eachsection. Hence, disregarding the loss in conversion, which is usuallysmall, there will be developed in the conductor 1,2, 3, 4, aeounter-electromotive force equal to the potential existing between theterminals 1 and l, due to the electromotive force of the generator D. Ifthis difference of potential be assumed as before to be one thousandvolts, then the counter-difference of potential de' velopcd between thesame terminals will also be one thousand volts, and it it be assumedthat the section 10' and the section 20 each comprises one-tenth of thewhole coil, then there will be delivered upon the conductors p, n, acurrent of one hundred volts, and likewise there will be delivered tothe circuit formed by the conductors 19 01 a current of one hundredvolts. The direction of the current in the portion of the conductor 20lying between the points 1 and 2 will necessarily be opposite to that ofthe direct current from the generator I). This is also true of anyportion of the conductor 1, 4, when supplying current to a secondarycircuit in the manner described. The current upon the conductors p 11being the difference between the two hundred volts and the one thousandvolts, would be eight hundred volts. In this manner the current may beconveniently subdivided in any required proportions. If now it isdesired to vary the potential upon any one or more of the circuits,asecond or auxiiiary auto -converter C may be employed. This consists inlike manner, of a core 0 surrounded by a coil 5, 6, '7, which is dividedinto sections to, 20". The conductors 17 ,01 lead to the points 5, (3,at the respective terminals of the section 10", while the intermediatepoint 6, and the point 7, at the other terminal of the entire coil, areconnected with conductors M, a". It now the section 20 be considered asone fifth of the entire coil, then the current delivered at the terminalof the section 10 will be four times the potential of that delivered tothe section 10', that is to say, four hundred volts. Where the currentis to be transmitted to a long distance, the increased potential whichis thus imparted to it renders it possible to employ a much smallerconductor and thus the cost of the plant is diminished.

At a distant point the conductors are connected with the terminals of acoil 8, 9, 10, of

the auto-eonverter 0 similar to the device C. This coil is divided intosections 10, 10 10 From these sections, conductors 1 1,12,13, 1st, 15,are led, and these receive a dilterence of. potential dependent upon thelengths of the difierent sections.

There is shown at 0 another converting device connected with, or appliedto, the conductors 17 a This is supplied with a difference of potentialof eight hundred volts. The coil 11, 12, 13, of the auto-converter 0,coinprises two sections 20 and w The section 20 has its respectiveterminals 12, 13, connected with the conductors 19 97. while a sectionto has its respective terminals connected with the conductors 12 a Thelength of this section may be so porportioned to the entire length ofthe coil, that the potential of the current will be varied to anyrequired extent, as for instance, in the present case it is raised fromeight hundred volts to one thousand volts. Such current is transmittedover the conductors 17 n, to an auto-converter C, designed, in thisinstance, to reduce the potential to say five hundred volts, in themanner described with refererence to the auto-converter C It is evidentthat the system may be extended to any desired length, and that theconversions may be variously modified to meet the requirements. Theinitial step of conversion through the device 0' may be omitted inindividual cases.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a system of electrical conversion anddistribution, an auto-converter, a feeding circuit including more orless of the coils of said auto-converter, and two or more derivedcircnits, having their terminals connected across more or less of thecoils of said auto-converter, substantially as described.

2. In a system of electrical conversion and distribution, anauto-converter and a feeding circuit including more or less of the coilsof said auto-converter; in combination with a second auto-converterhaving some of its coils in multiple arc with some of the coils of thefirst auto-converter, and a translating circuitfed by the remainingcoils of said second auto-couverter, substantially as described.

3. In a system of electrical conversion and distribution, anauto-converter, and a feeding circuit containing all the coils of saidautoconverter; in combination with a second autoconverter, having lessthan half its coils in multiple arc with a portion of the coils of saidfirst auto-con .*erter, and a translating circuitv fed by the remainingcoils of said second auto-converter, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name this 1 1th dayof March, A. D. 1887.

\VILLIAM STANLEY, JR.

Witnesses:

OLAnKsoN A. COLLINS, A. CHALKLEY COLLINS.

IIO

